Quick answer: Fertility reflects whole-body health: blood sugar, thyroid, stress hormones, inflammation and toxin exposure all affect ovulation, egg and sperm quality and implantation. A prenatal with folate, plus nutrients such as CoQ10, myo-inositol (especially in PCOS), omega-3s, vitamin D, zinc and selenium, can support both partners, together with sleep, steady blood sugar and fewer endocrine disruptors.
What affects fertility
- Blood sugar and insulin resistance, especially in PCOS
- Thyroid function
- Chronic stress and high cortisol
- Inflammation and oxidative stress
- Endocrine-disrupting chemicals
- Age, which affects egg and sperm quality
Nutrients commonly used
- Prenatal with folate: start before conception; adequate folate helps prevent neural tube defects
- CoQ10: supports mitochondrial energy in eggs and sperm
- Myo-inositol: studied for ovulation in PCOS (see PCOS management)
- Omega-3s: support hormone signaling and sperm membranes
- Vitamin D: guided by testing
- Zinc and selenium: needed for egg and sperm development
- Antioxidants: such as vitamin C, vitamin E and NAC, used with guidance
- Traditional herbs: such as maca or shatavari; avoid herbs once pregnant unless approved
Amounts should be individualized and coordinated with your fertility team. If you work with me, the products I use are in my Fullscript dispensary. For partners, see male fertility nutrition.
Lifestyle foundations
- Steady blood sugar with balanced meals
- Seven to nine hours of sleep in a dark room
- Fewer plastics, parabens and phthalates
- Moderate exercise; very intense training can affect ovulation
- Limit alcohol and avoid smoking
Fertility and healthy aging
Eggs and sperm are especially sensitive to aging processes: mitochondrial decline, oxidative damage to DNA, chronic inflammation and changes in epigenetic tags. Many of the same habits that support healthy aging also support fertility. Related: how toxins disrupt hormones.
When to see a naturopathic doctor
- You are planning a pregnancy and want to prepare your body
- You have irregular cycles, PCOS or thyroid concerns
- You are working with a fertility clinic and want complementary support
- You have been trying to conceive without success
See a medical provider promptly for severe pelvic pain, heavy bleeding, or a positive pregnancy test with pain or bleeding. See a fertility specialist after 12 months of trying (6 months if 35 or older).
Preparing for pregnancy? Let us support you and your care team.
A free 15-minute consultation with Dr. Kneessi. No cost, no obligation. In-office in Odenton, MD or by telehealth.
Frequently asked questions
When should I start a prenatal vitamin?
Ideally at least a few months before trying to conceive, so folate and other nutrients are adequate early.
Does CoQ10 help egg quality?
Some studies suggest CoQ10 may support egg quality, especially with age. Research is ongoing.
Can diet affect fertility?
Yes. Blood sugar balance, healthy fats, protein, and enough vitamins and minerals all support reproductive health.
Can I take supplements during IVF?
Some are commonly used, but always coordinate with your fertility clinic.
Sources
- NICHD: Infertility and Fertility
- MedlinePlus: Infertility
- NIH Office of Dietary Supplements: Folate (Consumer Fact Sheet)
This article is for educational purposes only and is not medical advice. It does not replace an individual evaluation. Talk with your healthcare provider before starting supplements or changing medications, especially if you are pregnant, nursing, or managing a health condition.
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